Beyond State Consistency: Behavior Consistency in Text-Based World Models
AI 摘要
提出了一种新的行为一致性训练范式,通过优化行为一致性奖励(BehR)来提升文本世界模型与真实环境的功能一致性。
主要贡献
- 提出了行为一致性奖励(BehR)作为步级评估指标。
- 设计了基于BehR的训练范式,用于优化文本世界模型。
- 实验证明BehR训练可以提升长期对齐,并改善离线评估和在线规划效果。
方法论
通过参考agent,衡量真实状态和模型预测状态下动作可能性变化,以此设计BehR作为奖励函数,优化世界模型。
原文摘要
World models have been emerging as critical components for assessing the consequences of actions generated by interactive agents in online planning and offline evaluation. In text-based environments, world models are typically evaluated and trained with single-step metrics such as Exact Match, aiming to improve the similarity between predicted and real-world states, but such metrics have been shown to be insufficient for capturing actual agent behavior. To address this issue, we introduce a new behavior-aligned training paradigm aimed at improving the functional consistency between the world model and the real environment. This paradigm focuses on optimizing a tractable step-level metric named Behavior Consistency Reward (BehR), which measures how much the likelihood of a logged next action changes between the real state and the world-model-predicted state under a frozen Reference Agent. Experiments on WebShop and TextWorld show that BehR-based training improves long-term alignment in several settings, with the clearest gains in WebShop and less movement in near-ceiling regimes, while preserving or improving single-step prediction quality in three of four settings. World models trained with BehR also achieve lower false positives in offline surrogate evaluation and show modest but encouraging gains in inference-time lookahead planning.